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I Love Psycho > Blog > Difference Between > 35 Difference Between Bipolar Disorder and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD)
Difference Between

35 Difference Between Bipolar Disorder and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD)

I LOVE PSYCHO By I LOVE PSYCHO Last updated: October 27, 2023 9 Min Read
Bipolar Disorder and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD)
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The symptoms of Bipolar Disorder and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) sometimes coincide, leading to misdiagnosis. Their distinguishing traits set them distinctive. Manic-depressive disease, or bipolar disorder, causes significant mood changes. These mood changes range from depressive episodes, which cause intense sadness, lethargy, and loss of interest, to manic episodes, which provide enhanced mood, vitality, and impulsivity. In contrast, BPD involves self-image, relational, and emotional instability.  

Contents
35 differences between Bipolar Disorder and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD):Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)Q1: What is the main difference between BPD and Bipolar Disorder?Q2: How do these illnesses affect impulsivity?Q3: Can overlapping symptoms misdiagnose these disorders?Q4: What therapy methods are indicated for each disorder?Q5: How are self-identity and relationships affected by these disorders?

BPD sufferers frequently have a strong fear of abandonment, mood swings, and unstable relationships. Mood disturbance length and consistency are also important. Depressive or manic episodes endure for weeks or months in Bipolar Disorder, followed by stable intervals. BPD symptoms are more fluid, with mood swings and emotional instability happening daily.

Impulsivity exists, although its expression varies. Bipolar Disorder impulsivity is frequently motivated by manic episodes and is more organized, goal-directed, and irresponsible, leading to overspending and substance addiction. Impulsivity, caused by emotional dysregulation, can lead to self-harm, suicide, or impulsive aggressiveness in BPD, generally due to a perceived danger of abandonment.

Both diseases differ in self-perception and interpersonal connections. BPD patients may feel empty and have a fluctuating self-identity. This causes strong, unstable partnerships. In Bipolar Disorder, self-identity is more constant, although anger or grandiosity during manic episodes can cause interpersonal issues. Also, treatment methods differ. Bipolar Disorder is treated with mood stabilizers and antidepressants. Helpful psychotherapy can improve condition management. BPD treatment often emphasizes emotional control, distress tolerance, and interpersonal skills in dialectical behavior therapy (DBT).

Bipolar Disorder and Borderline Personality Disorder share mood swings and impulsivity, but their essential traits, length of mood disturbances, causes, and treatments are different. Misdiagnosis by a mental health expert might result in unsuccessful therapy. Accurate diagnosis and proper management of these illnesses need an understanding of their subtle variances.

35 differences between Bipolar Disorder and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD):

S.No.

Aspects

Bipolar Disorder

Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD)

1

Diagnostic category

Mood disorder

Personality disorder

2

Mood disturbances

Characterized by episodes of mania or hypomania and depression

Characterized by emotional instability, including mood swings

3

Onset

Typically emerges in late adolescence or early adulthood

Often emerges in late adolescence or early adulthood

4

Mood episode duration

Mood episodes (mania or depression) are typically longer in duration

Mood fluctuations can be rapid and occur within hours or days

5

Mania or hypomania

Episodes of mania or hypomania are key features

Lacks episodes of mania or hypomania

6

Mood stability

Between mood episodes, individuals may have periods of stability

Frequent mood fluctuations within a single day or week

7

Medication treatment

Often managed with mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, or antidepressants

Typically managed with psychotherapy (e.g., dialectical behavior therapy)

8

Biological basis

Linked to neurotransmitter imbalances and genetic factors

Biological and genetic factors contribute, but the cause is less understood

9

Impulsivity

May exhibit impulsivity during manic or depressive episodes

Chronic impulsivity is a hallmark feature

10

Suicidal behavior

Risk of suicide is associated with depressive episodes

High risk of self-harm and suicidal behavior, especially during crises

11

Self-esteem

Self-esteem is often influenced by mood state

Self-esteem is unstable and influenced by interpersonal relationships

12

Psychosis

Can experience psychosis during manic or depressive episodes

Generally does not experience psychosis outside of extreme stress

13

Substance abuse

Elevated risk of substance abuse during manic episodes

Elevated risk of substance abuse, often as a coping mechanism

14

Sleep disturbances

Disrupted sleep patterns are common during mood episodes

Sleep disturbances are common and not necessarily tied to mood episodes

15

Cognitive symptoms

Cognitive symptoms may include racing thoughts during mania

Cognitive symptoms may include identity disturbance or dissociation

16

Social relationships

May experience relationship difficulties due to mood swings

Intense, stormy relationships with fear of abandonment

17

Impairment in work

Impairment often occurs during mood episodes

Impairment may occur due to chronic emotional instability

18

Course of illness

Characterized by mood episodes and periods of stability

Chronic emotional instability with varying intensity

19

Affective instability

Occurs episodically, with stable periods in between

Persistent, pervasive affective instability

20

Response to treatment

Typically responds well to mood-stabilizing medications

Typically requires psychotherapy as the primary treatment

21

Medication discontinuation

May require ongoing medication management

Medication not typically used as the primary treatment

22

Relapse prevention

Focuses on preventing mood episode relapse

Focuses on coping skills, emotional regulation, and self-harm prevention

23

Diagnosis criteria

Specific criteria outlined in DSM-5 or ICD-10

Specific criteria outlined in DSM-5 or ICD-10

24

Identity disturbance

Less likely to experience identity disturbance

A core feature is identity disturbance

25

Impulsive behavior

Impulsivity often tied to manic or depressive states

Chronic impulsive behavior is a defining feature

26

Anxiety

Anxiety can be comorbid but not a defining feature

Often experiences anxiety and may have comorbid anxiety disorders

27

Childhood history

Often lacks evidence of emotional instability in childhood

Often traces emotional instability and attachment issues to childhood

28

Emotional triggers

Triggers are often related to stressors or mood changes

Triggers can be interpersonal and relational, not solely mood-related

29

Treatment duration

Medications are often long-term

Psychotherapy may be long-term, depending on individual progress

30

Genetic factors

Genetic predisposition is a significant factor

Genetic factors play a role but are less understood

31

Emotional dysregulation

Occurs episodically during mood episodes

Persistent, pervasive emotional dysregulation

32

Self-harm motives

Self-harm may occur during mood episodes or as a coping mechanism

Frequent self-harm may be a means of coping with emotional pain

33

Identity and self-image

Identity is relatively stable outside of mood episodes

Identity disturbances and unstable self-image are key features

34

Occupational functioning

Often affected during mood episodes

Occupational functioning may be chronically impaired

35

Interpersonal relationships

Challenges may occur during mood episodes

Intense, unstable relationships are a core feature

 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q1: What is the main difference between BPD and Bipolar Disorder?

Bipolar Disorder causes significant mood swings between depressed and manic periods, whereas Borderline Personality Disorder causes instability in self-image, relationships, and emotions. Bipolar Disorder causes longer-lasting mood swings and more fluid symptoms that might alter daily.

Q2: How do these illnesses affect impulsivity?

Impulsivity during manic episodes in Bipolar Disorder can lead to organized but irresponsible behaviors like overspending or substance addiction. Impulsivity, connected to emotional dysregulation, can lead to self-harm, impulsive violence, or suicide in Borderline Personality Disorder, generally prompted by fear of abandonment.

Q3: Can overlapping symptoms misdiagnose these disorders?

Bipolar Disorder and BPD might be misdiagnosed owing to their mood fluctuations and impulsivity. Both illnesses may seem the same, making diagnosis difficult. A mental health expert must assess you to guarantee proper therapy.

Q4: What therapy methods are indicated for each disorder?

Manic and depressive episode medications and mood stabilizers are prescribed for Bipolar Disorder. Psychotherapy complements medicines. Borderline Personality Disorder is often treated with dialectical behavior therapy (DBT). DBT improves emotional control, distress tolerance, and interpersonal skills to handle the illness.

Q5: How are self-identity and relationships affected by these disorders?

The fluctuating self-identity of BPD patients causes emptiness and changeable self-perceptions. This volatility causes strong and unexpected partnerships. Self-identity is more stable in Bipolar Disorder, but anger and grandiosity during manic episodes can cause marital problems.

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